Ko ia kāhore nei i rapu, tē kitea
He who does not seek will not find
How can you help? How can you make a difference? Even if it is just small....
How do you decide on the focus of your inquiry?
The scope of your inquiry could have a global, national, or local focus. It could be how the issue is dealt with in your community or your suburb, school or home. The community can be global, national or local.
Step 1 - Choose a context you care about
School • Sport • Gaming • Animation/Art • Music/Media • Social media • Community • Environment • Identity/Representation • Mental Health • Academic • Other: _______
I keep noticing… (in my school / community / online spaces / sport / gaming / social media)
Something that frustrates people is…
A common barrier for people is…
People often struggle with… because…
A change in technology (or how people use it) has led to…
If you are keen to solve an issue check out some of these places...
If you are interested in Local Contexts (click to see list)
Youth and wellbeing
Youth19 / youth wellbeing reports (NZ youth experiences, trends)
Mental Health Foundation of NZ (digital wellbeing, wellbeing resources)
Netsafe (online safety, scams, cyberbullying, privacy)
Environment and local issues
Stats NZ (data on NZ society, environment, tech access)
Your local council (youth, transport, environment, events, community priorities)
ECan
Technology and society (great for wider implications)
Office of the Privacy Commissioner (NZ) (privacy basics, consent, data handling)
Consumer NZ (technology in everyday life, fairness, marketing claims)
Common Sense Media (media impact, teens, digital habits - good for animation/media topics)
Citizen science / real communities
iNaturalist NZ / NatureWatch (data + community participation)
Zooniverse
Creative industries (good for media/animation/game students)
NZ On Air (media purpose, audiences, content impact)
NZ Film Commission / Screen industry resources (production and storytelling considerations)
Game dev communities (NZGDA or local meetups) (industry perspective; even just articles/interviews)
At Level 3, your focus should point to something you can investigate, not just an interest. At this stage, do not describe your outcome (no app/website/animation yet). You’re defining the problem, opportunity, or question you’ll explore.
TIP: “Avoid: I will make an app to… I will create a website about… My outcome will be… Instead say: I am investigating… I want to understand…
Write:
1) Inquiry focus statement (1–2 sentences)
Your focus should include:
the topic/issue/opportunity
the people or context it relates to
what you want to understand (not build)
Sentence starters:
I am investigating how/why _______ affects _______ for _______.
I am exploring the impact of _______ on _______ and what needs to be considered for different users.
I want to understand what influences _______ (e.g., engagement, participation, behaviour, accessibility) for _______.
I am examining how _______ is experienced by different people, and what trade-offs exist between _______ and _______.
I am investigating what makes _______ effective, inclusive, and trustworthy for _______
2) Why this focus matters (2–4 sentences)
Explain:
who/what is impacted
why it matters now
what you think could improve if this issue/opportunity is better understood
Prompts:
Who is affected (users, community, school, organisation, wider society)?
What’s the impact (social, cultural, ethical, accessibility, wellbeing, time, cost, participation, representation)?
What makes it worth investigating?
Before you move on, check your focus:
✔️ It is not a solution (no “I will make…” yet)
✔️ It includes a who/for whom
✔️ It suggests something you can research from multiple perspectives
✔️ It is specific enough that you could write 3–5 inquiry questions next
A strong focus at Level 3 should naturally lead to:
different perspectives (users/stakeholders/experts)
possible implications (privacy, accessibility, IP, ethics)
future opportunities/impacts (Merit later)
Game related
Inquiry focus: I am investigating what makes co-operative games engaging and accessible for teenage players, and how game design choices affect different types of players.
Why it matters: Games are a major part of teen leisure and social connection. If design choices exclude some players (accessibility, skill level, sensory overload), fewer people can participate. Understanding what supports inclusive engagement will inform stronger design decisions later.
A love of drawing
Inquiry focus: I am exploring how visual style and motion choices in 2D animation influence audience understanding and emotional response, particularly for a teenage audience.
Why it matters: Animation is used for storytelling, messaging, and education, and style strongly affects whether the message lands. If visuals are unclear or overwhelming, the audience misses key meaning. Investigating this will help me make justified creative choices later.
Focused around helping
Inquiry focus: I am investigating barriers to participation for students in team sport at school and what factors help students feel confident, included, and motivated.
Why it matters: Participation affects wellbeing, belonging, and physical health. Some students feel excluded due to confidence, skill level, culture, cost, or fear of judgement. Understanding the barriers and supports can lead to more inclusive approaches.
Identity & Representation in Media
Inquiry focus: I am investigating how trans representation in fictional media is portrayed, what stereotypes or gaps exist, and how representation impacts trans audiences and wider understanding.
Why it matters: Media shapes identity, belonging, and how groups are treated. Poor representation can reinforce harm, while thoughtful representation can support understanding and wellbeing. Investigating this helps identify what responsible, inclusive representation should consider.
You now have a focus area. Next, write one “big question” that you will investigate and try to respond to through your project.
Your Big Question should be:
clear and researchable
focused on the need/issue/opportunity and the people involved
written without describing the specific solution yet (no “I will build an app…”)
Tip: A strong Big Question helps you gather evidence across:
Part A: users and needs
Part B: technical/practical feasibility and conventions
Part C: wider implications and responsibilities
How might… (user group) … (achieve/experience) … (need/goal) … (in context), while considering (key constraint/implication)?
What makes… (a digital experience/outcome) effective and inclusive for… (user group) when… (context/constraints)?
Why do… (users) struggle with… (issue), and what factors most influence successful outcomes?
What information or support do… (audience) need to… (make a decision/participate safely), and what makes that information trustworthy and easy to understand?
How can… (topic/representation/experience) be designed or communicated in a way that is (accurate/respectful/accessibile) for… (audience)?
Games
What makes a co-operative game engaging and accessible for teenage players with different skill levels and needs, and what design choices most influence that experience?
Animation / drawing
How do visual style and motion choices in 2D animation affect teenage viewers’ understanding and emotional response, and what makes an animation clear and accessible?
Helping an older person
What barriers do older adults face when completing (task) using digital tools, and what makes support simple, accessible, and confidence-building?
School/community organisation
What information and features do (group) need to communicate and organise effectively, and what makes a digital experience easy to use and trustworthy for them?
Mental health awareness
How can mental health information be communicated to teenagers in a way that is supportive, accurate, and safe, and what makes it more likely to be understood and acted on?
Identity & representation in media
What does respectful trans representation in fictional media look like from different perspectives, and what choices help avoid harm while supporting understanding and belonging?
Generic templates
How might we help (user group) complete (task) more easily and confidently, and what constraints (accessibility/privacy/time) must be considered?
What does (audience) need to know to make better choices about (topic) , and what makes that information easy to understand and trust?
Based on your area of focus what is the main question (also known as essential or big) you are trying to find answers to?
Before you move on, check your focus:
✔️ It includes a who (user group/audience)
✔️ It includes a need/issue/opportunity
✔️ It can be answered with research evidence
✔️ It doesn’t describe the solution yet
✔️ It would lead to 3–5 sub-questions for Parts A–C
If your question can be answered with “just my opinion”, it needs refining.)
You have your Big Question — now you need a set of smaller questions to help you investigate it properly.
Your goal is to gather evidence, not just opinions, so that you can:
refine your inquiry focus if needed
propose a strong digital technologies outcome
explain risks and how you will manage them
justify your decisions using research
As you create your questions, think about:
What do I already know, and what don’t I know yet? (Where are my gaps?)
What assumptions might I be making?
What would I need to find out to make good design decisions later?
You will explore:
Evidence & perspectives = What do different people/experts say, and why might they disagree?
Critical evaluation = How trustworthy are the sources and claims? What bias, limits, or gaps might exist?
Implications for design = What does this mean for what your outcome should prioritise, avoid, or handle carefully?
An easy way to make sure you get a wide lense is to split your research into 3 parts...
Purpose: Understand the people who will use, be affected by, or interact with what you propose.
Evidence & perspectives: Who are the users/stakeholders? (include majority + extreme users). What do they need, value, or find difficult?. What similar outcomes already exist, and how do people experience them?
Compare & contrast (Merit): Where do different user/stakeholder perspectives agree or disagree? What trade-offs show up?
Critical evaluation (Excellence): How trustworthy is the information you’re using about users (and why)?
UX methodologies (design link): Investigate relevant user experience (UX) methods you could use during design and development, for example: interviews, surveys, observation, personas and user journeys, usability testing, heuristic evaluation, accessibility checks. Explain which methods would suit your users and context, what evidence they would give you, and what you would need to do to keep the results fair and useful (e.g., sample choice, avoiding leading questions).
Implications for design: What should your outcome prioritise to be usable, accessible, and appropriate for your audience?
Purpose: Investigate tools, methods, conventions, and feasibility of creating your proposed outcome.
Evidence & perspectives: How are outcomes like this usually made? What tools/workflows are used? What works well, what doesn’t, and why? What constraints affect feasibility (time, cost, skill, performance, platform)?
Compare & contrast (Merit): Compare approaches/tools/workflows. Which is most suitable for your context and why?
Conventions: What “rules of the craft” apply in your area (e.g., usability heuristics, accessibility standards, naming conventions, asset pipelines, file formats, testing methods)?
Critical evaluation (Excellence): Is the technical information evidence-based and current, or opinion/marketing?
Implications for design: What technical constraints and quality standards will shape your decisions?
Purpose: Understand responsibilities and impacts beyond just the user.
Evidence & perspectives: What wider issues connect to your focus (social, cultural, ethical, legal, environmental)? What do experts, policies, or debates say?
Compare & contrast (Merit): Where do viewpoints conflict (e.g., convenience vs privacy, innovation vs harm)? What risks or responsibilities emerge?
Critical evaluation (Excellence): How accurate, relevant, reliable, and significant are the claims you’re using?
Implications for design: What must you address or mitigate (privacy, IP, fairness/bias, accessibility, safety, sustainability, future-proofing)?
Sticker
Skateboard Rack
Children's Bike Area
Business Card
Pavement Lights
Blood bank gauges
Dashboard Sticker
If you have Netflix this is well worth a watch!
If not you can read more about it here...
From the doco:
What was the Focus?
What was the Big Question?
What were all the smaller questions?
What was the outcome?
Who was involved
Who were the end users?
Who was this going to help?
What issues did they have?
*** Will we ever see something like this again? ***